We present a paper that explores how critical thinking influences the outcomes of collaboration between humans and generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI), focusing on what happens when AI provides incorrect or partially correct answers. The use of Gen AI, such as ChatGPT, is becoming increasingly widespread in professional settings, as well as in educational institutions.
The research was conducted on a sample of students and young professionals, groups for whom Gen AI has been widely adopted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lack of critical thinking and overreliance on AI<\/strong><\/p>\n When participants were offered a solution by the ChatGPT 4o model that was partially correct (containing the correct reasoning steps, but an incorrect final answer due to a small interpretation error), the correct answer rate dropped to only 3%, which is significantly lower than the 15% correct answers in the control group that did not have the help of AI. This result suggests that individuals tend to overrely on AI. Participants accepted the incorrect final solution, rather than critically evaluating the reasoning steps provided by the AI \u200b\u200bmodel. Such reliance manifests itself through increased trust in AI and reduced cognitive effort, as participants who used AI spent significantly less time on the task. This \u201ccognitive outsourcing\u201doutsourcing<\/em>poses serious risks for the education sector, as repeated reliance on AI without critical evaluation can weaken judgment skills over time and reduce learning. Previous research has already shown that students who rely on AI for exam preparation learn less and perform worse on self-tests.<\/p>\n The effectiveness of critical evaluation reminders<\/strong><\/p>\n The good news is that response accuracy can be improved with a simple intervention. In another experiment, when participants were given explicit instructions to use ChatGPT \u201cdeliberately, taking time to analyze before responding,\u201d the correct response rate increased significantly, reaching 24%. This shows that a reminder can significantly improve the quality of outcomes when AI makes mistakes, by encouraging participants to re-evaluate the AI\u2019s response rather than automatically accepting it.<\/p>\n Given that \"hallucinations\" (the generation of incorrect information) by AI models are becoming more common, it is crucial for organizations and educational institutions to actively cultivate critical thinking skills in users. This includes training that highlights both the capabilities and limitations of AI systems, thereby reducing over-reliance and maintaining the long-term cognitive capacities of individuals.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Predstavljamo rad koji istra\u017euje kako kriti\u010dko razmi\u0161ljanje utje\u010de na ishode suradnje izme\u0111u ljudi i generativne umjetne inteligencije (Gen AI), a fokusira se na to \u0161to se doga\u0111a kada AI pru\u017ei neto\u010dne ili djelomi\u010dno to\u010dne odgovore. Kori\u0161tenje Gen AI, poput ChatGPT-a, postaje sve ra\u0161irenije u profesionalnom okru\u017eenju, ali i u obrazovnim institucijama.Istra\u017eivanje je provedeno na uzorku […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":1216,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-radovi"],"acf":{"radovi_source_url":"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5040466","radovi_button_label":"Pro\u010ditajte izvorni rad"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1215"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1215\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1218,"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1215\/revisions\/1218"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1216"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brain.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Conclusion<\/h3>\n